graphiques, impressions
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker, celebrated as the most pivotal Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Born in Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain, on March 30, 1746, Goya's work reflects a tumultuous period of history, intertwining the personal, political, and social upheavals of his time with a bold and innovative artistic vision. His early career was marked by portraits of the Spanish aristocracy and royalty, as well as Rococo style tapestry cartoons for the royal palace. However, following a severe illness in 1793 that left him deaf, his art took on a darker and more pessimistic tone.
Goya's oeuvre is vast, encompassing around 700 paintings, 280 prints, and several thousand drawings, through which he depicted a wide range of subjects from the whimsical to the macabre. Notable among his works are "The Naked Maja," "The Clothed Maja," "The Family of Charles IV," "The Third of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid," and "Saturn Eating His Children." His etchings, particularly the series "Los Caprichos" and "The Disasters of War," are celebrated for their intricate detail, emotional depth, and critical social commentary.
Goya's contribution to art goes beyond his mastery of painting and printmaking. He is often considered the bridge between the Old Masters and modern art, introducing themes and techniques that would influence countless artists in the centuries to follow. His ability to capture the essence of his era, the human condition, and the complexities of his own psyche, makes his work universally relatable and enduringly relevant.
His most famous paintings are housed in prestigious museums worldwide, including the Museo del Prado in Madrid, which holds an extensive collection of his works. The Prado's collection serves as a testament to Goya's significant impact on art and culture, offering insight into the artist's unique perspective on the world around him.
For collectors and experts in art and antiques, Francisco de Goya's legacy is a beacon of artistic innovation and historical significance. His works not only adorn the walls of museums but also continue to inspire and provoke thought among audiences across the globe.
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Jacques Callot was a baroque printmaker and draftsman from the Duchy of Lorraine (an independent state on the north-eastern border of France, southwestern border of Germany and overlapping the southern Netherlands). He is an important person in the development of the old master print. He made more than 1,400 etchings that chronicled the life of his period, featuring soldiers, clowns, drunkards, Gypsies, beggars, as well as court life. He also etched many religious and military images, and many prints featured extensive landscapes in their background.
William Nicholson was a British painter of still-life, landscape and portraits. He also worked as a printmaker in techniques including woodcut, wood-engraving and lithography, as an illustrator, as an author of children's books and as a designer for the theatre.
Publius Ovidius Naso, known as Ovidius (Ovid), was an ancient Roman poet who lived during the reign of Emperor Augustus.
Most of the information about the life and work of Ovid, scholars have drawn from his own works, as well as from the works of Seneca the Elder and Marcus Fabius Quintilianus. Ovid was from a fairly high class of "horsemen", studied rhetoric at the maestros of oratory of the ancient Roman Empire, and then went traveling, visiting Athens, Asia Minor and Sicily. As a young man, Ovid held minor public offices, was a member of the college of civil affairs, and served in an office that performed spiritual and secular duties at the state level.
However, Ovid was much more attracted to poetry, and he resigned and about 29-25 BC joined the circle of those chosen under the patronage of Marcus Valerius Messala Corvinus. After publishing Amores, a collection of love-erotic lyrics, around 15-16 BC, Ovid became one of Rome's most popular poets. He became famous for his works in the genre of elegy, as well as for his epic poem Metamorphoses (8 AD), which became one of the most important sources in the study of classical mythology.
For reasons unknown to us, in 8 A.D. Ovid was disgraced and exiled for the rest of his life to Tomes on the Black Sea, where he wrote his "Mournful Elegies" and a poem cycle entitled "Letters from Pontus". A contemporary of Virgil and Horace, Ovid was one of the three canonical representatives of Latin literature.
George Stubbs was an English painter, best known for his paintings of horses. Self-trained, Stubbs learnt his skills independently from other great artists of the 18th century such as Reynolds or Gainsborough. Stubbs' output includes history paintings, but his greatest skill was in painting animals, perhaps influenced by his love and study of anatomy. His series of paintings on the theme of a lion attacking a horse are early and significant examples of the Romantic movement that emerged in the late 18th century. His painting, Whistlejacket hangs in the National Gallery, London.
William Nicholson was a British painter of still-life, landscape and portraits. He also worked as a printmaker in techniques including woodcut, wood-engraving and lithography, as an illustrator, as an author of children's books and as a designer for the theatre.
John James Audubon was a French-American ornithologist and painter, renowned for his groundbreaking illustrations of American birds. Born in 1785 in Les Cayes, Saint-Domingue (now Haiti), Audubon is remembered for his keen observation skills and innovative artistic techniques.
Audubon's most famous work, "The Birds of America," transformed the field of ornithology by presenting birds in lifelike poses and detailed backgrounds. Published between 1827 and 1838, it contained 435 hand-colored engravings, showcasing over 489 bird species. His unique approach to illustrating birds in their natural habitats was a departure from traditional methods, which often portrayed birds in rigid poses.
Audubon used a wire armature to position freshly-killed specimens, allowing him to depict birds with a sense of movement and vitality. This innovative technique was truly revolutionary and set him apart from his contemporaries. Additionally, Audubon's artistic skill and attention to detail made his illustrations highly sought after, with surviving copies of "The Birds of America" considered valuable collectibles today.
For art collectors and enthusiasts, Audubon's work continues to be a source of inspiration and admiration. His legacy endures through his contributions to ornithology and the art world, with museums and galleries showcasing his work. If you're interested in learning more about John James Audubon and his famous illustrations, consider subscribing to our newsletter for updates on new product sales and auction events related to his work.
Emperor Daoguang, also known by his temple name Emperor Xuanzong of Qing, born Aixing-Gioro Mianning, was the seventh emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the sixth Qing emperor to rule China from 1820 to 1850.
As emperor and head of the country, Daoguang was weak. His 30-year reign was accompanied by internal and external problems, chief among them the First Opium War and the outbreak of the Taiping Rebellion. The country he led also experienced growing economic tensions, sectarian instability, and active foreign interference, which eventually led to the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911.
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William Curtis was a British botanist and entomologist, editor of the oldest botanical publication in Great Britain.
Curtis became interested in natural history in his youth, and at the age of 25 had already published "Instructions for the Collection and Preservation of Insects", particularly butterflies. In 1779 he founded his own London botanical garden at Lambeth and published Flora Londinensis (1777-1798), a 6-volume work on urban nature.
In 1787 Curtis began publishing the later popular Botanical Magazine, which also featured hand-colored plates by artists. This magazine has changed its name several times over time, but is still continued by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, as a publication for those interested in horticulture, ecology or botanical illustration. Interestingly, the magazine was entirely hand-colored until 1948.
